To successfully invoke the HTTP API on a Lisk Core node running inside of a Docker container, please ensure to whitelist the IPs from which the requests are supposed to be made. To allow unrestricted access, set --http-api-plugin-whitelist to the following CIDR notation: 0.0.0.0/0 when starting the container.
So, starting Lisk Core with the following command should let you access the HTTP API on http://localhost:7008/api/node/info from the host machine:
docker run -d --publish 7008:7008 lisk/core:3.0.0 start --enable-http-api-plugin --http-api-plugin-port 7008 --http-api-plugin-host 0.0.0.0 --http-api-plugin-whitelist 0.0.0.0/0